Qondanisa ngqo
Izinkinobho ze-Ethernet eziqondile zingaqondwa njengezinkinobho ze-line matrix ezinemigqa evundlile phakathi kwamachweba. Uma iphakethe ledatha litholakala echwebeni lokufaka, i-packet header iyahlolwa, ikheli lendawo yephakethe liyatholakala, ithebula lokusesha eliguqukayo langaphakathi liyaqalwa, bese i-output port ehambisanayo iyaguqulwa. Iphakethe ledatha lixhunywe endaweni yokuhlangana kokufaka nokukhipha, futhi iphakethe ledatha lixhunywe ngqo echwebeni elihambisanayo ukuze kufezwe umsebenzi wokushintsha. Ngoba akudingeki ligcinwe, ukubambezeleka kuncane kakhulu futhi ukushintsha kuyashesha kakhulu, okuyinzuzo yalo. Ububi ukuthi njengoba okuqukethwe kwephakethe ledatha kungagcinwa yi-Ethernet switch, akunakwenzeka ukuhlola ukuthi iphakethe ledatha elidluliselwe alilungile yini, futhi ikhono lokuthola amaphutha alikwazi ukunikezwa. Ngoba ayikho i-cache, amachweba okufaka/okukhiphayo anesivinini esihlukile awakwazi ukuxhunywa ngqo, futhi kulula ukuwalahla.
Gcina bese udlulisela phambili
Imodi yokugcina kanye neyokudlulisela phambili iyimodi yohlelo lokusebenza emkhakheni wamanethiwekhi ekhompyutha. Iqala ngokugcina iphakethe ledatha lechweba lokufaka, bese yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-CRC (cyclic redundancy code verification), ikhiphe ikheli lendawo yephakethe ledatha ngemuva kokucubungula iphakethe lephutha, bese iliguqula libe yichweba lokukhipha ukuze lithumele iphakethe ngethebula lokusesha. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukubambezeleka kokugcinwa nokudluliselwa ekucutshungulweni kwedatha kukhulu, okuyiphutha layo, kodwa ingathola ngokungalungile amaphakethe edatha angena kushintshi futhi ithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ingasekela ukuguqulwa phakathi kwamachweba anejubane elihlukile futhi igcine umsebenzi wokubambisana phakathi kwamachweba anejubane eliphezulu kanye namachweba anejubane eliphansi.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezingcezu
Lesi yisisombululo phakathi kwamabili okuqala. Sihlola ukuthi ubude bephakethe ledatha buyanele yini amabhayithi angu-64. Uma lingaphansi kwamabhayithi angu-64, kusho ukuthi liyiphakethe elingelona iqiniso futhi iphakethe liyalahlwa; uma lingaphezu kwamabhayithi angu-64, iphakethe liyathunyelwa. Le ndlela ayinikezi ukuqinisekiswa kwedatha. Isivinini sayo sokucubungula idatha sishesha kunokugcina nokudlulisa, kodwa sihamba kancane kunokudlulisa okuqondile. Kwethulwa ukushintsha kweswishi yeHirschman.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iswishi yeHirschman ingadlulisela idatha phakathi kwamachweba amaningi. Ichweba ngalinye lingabhekwa njengengxenye yenethiwekhi ebonakalayo ezimele (qaphela: ingxenye yenethiwekhi engeyona eye-IP), futhi amadivayisi enethiwekhi axhunywe kuyo angajabulela yonke i-bandwidth ngokuzimela ngaphandle kokuncintisana namanye amadivayisi. Lapho i-node A ithumela idatha ku-node D, i-node B ingathumela idatha ku-node C ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi zombili zine-bandwidth ephelele yenethiwekhi futhi zinokuxhumana kwazo okubonakalayo. Uma kusetshenziswa iswishi ye-Ethernet ye-10Mbps, ithrafikhi iyonke yeswishi ilingana no-2x10Mbps=20Mbps. Uma kusetshenziswa i-HUB eyabiwe ye-10Mbps, ithrafikhi iyonke ye-HUB ngeke idlule i-10Mbps.
Ngamafuphi, iIswishi yeHirschmaniyidivayisi yenethiwekhi engaqedela umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa nokudlulisa ozimele bedatha ngokusekelwe ekuqaphelweni kwekheli le-MAC. Iswishi ye-Hirschman ingafunda amakheli e-MAC futhi iwagcine etafuleni lekheli langaphakathi, futhi ifinyelele ngqo kuhlosiwe ngokushintsha kwesikhashana phakathi komsunguli kanye nomemukeli ohlosiwe wohlaka lwedatha.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 12-2024